Dynamo-electrical machine.



E. G. KETGHUM &: D H. ANDREWS.

DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 25, 1912.

Patented Mar. 31, 1914.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inventors: Erwest GJGsiJc-hum, fla/vJbulre Wibwssas:

B. G. KETGHUM 6; .D. H. ANDREWS.

DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION II'LED.APB.25, 1912.

1,091,748. 7 I Patented Mar. 31, 1914.

4 SHEETS-:QHEET 2.

Wibwsscs: liweniors:

E. G. KETOHUM &D. H. ANDREWS.

DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.25, 1912. 1,09 1,748. 'Patepted Mar.31,1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

[[ZJLIL/ 1L 1L LmLIBIZG l r 24 25: 2J1 3-9 5 23 L; 5 2s Qfi AMA ErnesEGKb-tchlm, ,David liflndrewg wvw b3 E. G. KETOHUM & D. H. ANDREWS. DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 25, 1912.

1,091,748. Patented Mar. 31; 1914.

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,Dav' If.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT Fft ltlfi ERNEST C. KE'I'CI-IUM, 0F BOSTON, AND DAVID H. ANDBEV/"fi, 9F Itlflll' f lifill,

MASSACHUSETTS.

DYNAMO-ELECTRICAL MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

To all whom it may concern Beit-known that we, Ennnsr C. Knronusr,

illlassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Elec tricalMachines, of which the following is a specification,

This invention relates to dynamo electrical machines and has for its object the provision of means whereby the. armature will be equally balancedso that end thrust upon the bearings therefor will be entirely avoided.

i The invention consists in mountingthe cores for the field magnets beyond the periphery of the armature and revolving with said armature members forming parts of the field through which the lines of force from the cores of the field magnets will pass inwardly from either end of the armature to a separating member also revolving with said armature and from which the lines of force will return to the cores of the fieldrepresents av longitudinal vertical section of the same. the cutting plane being on line 33 on Fig. 2. Fig. 4 represents an enlarged sectional detail of a portion of the armature with its shaft in elevation, and

' Fig. 5 represents a diagram showing means for electrically connecting the various disks of the armature in pairs 'and other means of electrically connecting said disks in series.

Similar characters designate like parts throughout theseveral. figures of the drawings.

' In thedrawings, 10 represents end pieces provlded with cylindrical openings 11 there-- through. Substantially centrally positioned in the openings 11 is a shaft 12 revoluble Patented Mar. dill, 1914:.

Application filed April 25, 1912. Serial No. 693,218.

in, bearings 13 secured to frame 14- fa-stened to the outer faces of the end pieces 10. Surrounding the shaft 12 is tubular support 12* and mounted upon this support are a plurality of tubular members 15 superinr posed upon each other, each succeeding member being shorter than the member surrounds, as clearly indicated in w and Jr of the drawings.

These tubular menib-ers are insulated from the shaft 1%. the tubular support 12*, and from each other by any suitable material. Mounted upon the ends of each tubular member and in electrical contact therewith are the disks 16, each disk being preferably of steel and of high magnetic permeability, and each of said disks is provided with aperipheral band 17 of copp r or some other material of high conductivity. The outer tubular member 15 is surrounded by a cylindrical. member 18 which has mounted upon its periphery another cylindrical member 19 forming a partof the field frame andseparating the disks 16 in two. sets, the disks of said two sets being connected in pairs by the tubular members 1 The cylindrical member 19 is insulated from the disks 16 at each end thereof. Adjacent to the outer face of the outer disk 16 of each set and insulated therefrom is a cylindrical member 20 mounted upon the shaft 12 to which it keyed so as to revolve therewith. Each disk 22 b ing in li em with the pen gs. 11 The members 19 and 20: ve nearly fill the llti openings 22 and 11 so that the peripheries of these members are closely adjacent to the walls of said openings 22 and 11. Interposed between the intermediate member 23 and each of the end pieces 10 are the cores $24: of field magnets, said cores being wound inthe usual manner by wires 25 to form exciting coils. These cores are held in position by means of the rods 26 extending through the center thereof and through the intermediate member 23 and the end pieces 10, the ends of said rods having threaded thereto the clamp nuts 27. In order to secure together and preserve perfect alinemcnt of the entire machine alternate short steadypins 28 and longer steady pins 22) extend through the end pieces 10 into the cores 21,

the longer-stezuly pins 25) extending through said cores and into the intermediate member 23. The cores 2-1 and exciting coils 25 are preferably positioned above and below the revolublc armature 1G with the axes thereof in the same vertical plane with the axes of the shaft 12, the ,revoluble members 20 forming a part of the field fra me in the same manner that the cylindrical separating member 19 forms a part thereof, and as the armature 16 revolves these members revolve therewith.

The periphery of each disk 16 has contacting therewith four brushes 30 in electric contact with connecting bars mounted in suitable boxes secured to the intermediate member 23 whereby the disks 16 oi. the ari'nature are connected in series substantially as shown and described in another application filed by us on January 31, 19.12, Ser. No. 674,822. necting the disks 1G in series forms no part of the present invention, it is believed to be unnecessary to describe the connection in detail, and consequently is only illustrated in diagram in Fig. 6. The revoluble members 19 and 20 are of greater diameter than the diameter of the copper rings 17 Slllltllllltllng the disks 16, thereby providing: a means whereby the armature and the re oluble members 19 and 22 may be removed from the remainder of the machine without dis mantling any part thereof by simply removing the bearing 15-3 from the frame 14, this hearing 13 being secured to said frame 1= t by means of the bolts The tubular menr hers 15 are made of diti'erent tllltfliIlCSStS, said tubular members decreasing in thickness outwardly so that the area in cross section of each' of said tubular n'ien'ibers is the same as that of each of the other tubular members. This provides a means whereby the same amount of current may pass through. eachof the tubular members from one disk to the companion disk in each pair. The brushes coacting with each dish 16 are substantially 90 apart, it having been found in practice that better results As this means of conv are obtained by so positioning the brushes throughout the-periphery of said disks and thereby securing an even distribution of the current therethrough.

The supports 32 for the brush 30 are preterably made in two pieces and secured to gether by means of the bolt so that the bar 34 may be removed any time it is ilesircd to change the brush 30 without disconnecting the remainder of the brush holder. This brush 30 is made up of a plurality of bent plates 36 having interposed between the successive plates at one end shims 37. These shims 37 and the adjacent surfaces of the plates liti are dipped in solder and then clamped together by means of a bolt 2-58 extending. therethrough and having nuts 3!) threaded thereon. The soldering of the various members together is then completed by the application of heat in any well-known manner. This makes a solid end for the brush from which project the yieldingbent ends of the plates 36 which contact with the surface of the disks 16 or the periphery of the copper band thereon. This brush thus constructed is secured to the member 34 by means of bolts t0 the ends of which are threaded to the solid portion of the brush. By having the cores 24 ot' the field magnets above and below the armature 1G. ample opportunity is afforded to:- properly positioning the brushes 30 (re-acting with the arma ture disks 16 so that they may be equally spaced about the peripheries of the disks i it having been found in practice that superior results are obtained by the equal spacing of these brushes about the peripheries. The cores 24 are so wound that like poles are produced at the two end frames. lt is obvious, from an inspection of the drawings. that the members 19 and 20 form a part of the field circuit and as the arn'iature revolves the magnetic flux will pass from the cores 24, ot' the field magnets through the end pieces 10, the members 20, and then through the disks 16 of the armature from which they pass through the member 19 and the separating member 23 back to the cores 524. It is obvious, therefore, that as the armature '16 revolves the lines of force will be continually cut by successive portions of the armature disks as they rotate about the axis of the shaft 12. As the magnetic flux from the two pairs oi cores 21 passes through the armature disks 16 toward the separating member 19 the magnetic pull caused thereby tends to clamp the various armature disks 16, the separating members 19, and the end members 20 solidly together and all of the revoluble members are so balanced that there is absolutely no end thrust upon the bearings 13 for the revoluhle shaft 12. This forms a most important feature ofthe present invention, the advantages of which will be apparent without further dememes tion. By. providing the end pieces 10 wit the openings 11 and mounting the revoluble members 20 therein the whole machine is shortened materiall" so as to occupy less floor space, and by so oing it is possible to locate the bearings 13 for the revoluble shaft outside of the boundaries of'thc machine proper where they are easily accessible. By locating the axis of the shaft 12 slightly above the axis of the openings 11, through the end pieces 10, a greater amount of magnetism passes through the upper portion of the armature 16 as it revolves so that a large portion of the weight thereof is sustained, thereby removing considerable of the weight upon the bearings 13 in which the shaft 12 revolves. it is obvious that on account of the construction of this machine the magnetic pull upon the various parts when the machine is in operation is such as to hold the various portions of the machine together so that the numerous holding devices ordinarily used'are entirely dispensed with.

Itis self-evident that the working parts of the armature in the present construction when in operation always 'move in a plane at right angles to the lines of force and are constantly cutting the same without producingany reversal of the current or change of polarity in the armature. This obviates the eddy currents and other losses which are frequent in other types of dynamos. Inasmuch as in the armature wires are entirely dispensed with, the armature is permitted to revolve at a high velocity without endanger ing the displacement of any of the elements thereof. Tlhe polarity of the armature is constant and unchanging, and consequently the flow of flux thereto from the positive poles of the field magnet is always producmg on either end of said armature an equal stress, resulting in a perfectly balanced armature, which obviously is of the greatest advantage in a machine of this t 'pe, where, in order to secure effective resu ts it is essential the armature be revolved at a greater velocity than has heretofore been believed possible. By the construction shown in the drawin 's a most powerful generator of electricity 15 produced, which is capable of'being driven direct by turbine engines and other high speed motors.

It is believed that the operation and many advantages of the invention will be fully understood from the foregoing.

'Having thus described our invention, we claim: y

1. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical ,machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; insulation betweensaid disks; tubular members connecting the disks of said two sets in pairs; other meansfor electrically connect 2 eid sks. of h We s -in. ri s-sari members secured to and revoluble with shaft and between which said disks are per manently clamped.

2. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; insulators between said disks; tubular members connecting the disks of said two sets in pairs; other means for electrically connecting said disks of the two sets in series; and members extending beyond the peripheries ofsaid disks secured to and between which said disks are permanently clamped.

3. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets ofmetal disks thereon; insulation between said disks; tubular memhers connecting the disks of said two sets in pairs; other means for electrically connecting said disks of the two sets in series; and

cylindrical members secured to and revoluble with said shaft and, between which said disks are permanently clamped. I

4. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; in sulation between said disks; tubular members connecting the disks of said two sets in pairs; other means for electrically connecting said disks of the two sets in series; and cylindrical members extending beyond the peripheries of said disks secured tonnd revoluble with said shaft and between which said disks are permanently clamped.

5. In the rotatable member of a; dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; insulation between said disk-s; tubular members connecting the disks of said two sets in pairs; other means for electrically connecting said disks of the two sets in series; a separating cylinder bet-ween and insulated from said sets of disks and siirrounding'said shaft; and members contacting with and insulated from the outer end faces of said two sets of disks and revoluble with said shaft.

6. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; in solution between said. disks; tubular members connecting the'disks' of said two sets in pairs; other means for electrically connecting said disks of the two sets in series; a separating cylinder between and insulated from said sets of disks and surrounding said shaft; and members contacting with and insulated from the outer end faces of said two sets of disks andrevoluble with said ripheries of said disks.

7.111 a dynamo electrical machine, the

combination of a field magnet having a plu I'ality of exciting coils;- a rey oluble shaft paralleltothe axis ofsaid excitingycoils and Y &

at one side thereof; and an armature comprising a plurality of separated disks mounted on said shaft with its periphery in close proximity to the poles of said field magnet.

8. in a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a field magnet having two sets of exciting coils the axes of which are parallel and separated; a shaft, interposed between said sets of exciting coils and revoluble in bearings; and an arn'iature comprising a plurality of separated disks secured to and revoluble with said shaft with its periphery adjacent the poles of said field magnets.

9. in a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end piecesprovided with alined openings therein; a field magnet interposed between and secured to said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revolublc shaft centrally positioned in said openings; and an armature thereon.

10. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end pieces provided with alined openings therein; a field magnet interposed between and secured to'said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revolu= ble shaft centrally positioned in said. openings; and an armature thereon comprising a plurality of separated metal disks connected together in pairs by members revoluble therewith and in series by external connections.

11. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end pieces provided with alined openings therein a field magnet interposed between and secured to said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revoluhle shaft centrally positioned in said openings; cylindrical members on said shaft positioned Within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the walls thereof; and an armature on said shaft between said members.

12. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end pieces provided with alined openings therein; a field magnet interposed between and secured to said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revolnhle shaft centrally positioned in said openings: cylindrical members on said shaft positioned within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the walls thereof; and an armature comprising a plurality of separated disks on said shaft between said members.

13, In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two on d. pieces provided with alined openings therein; a field magnet in tcrposed between and secured to said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revo- Loemaa luble shaft centrally positioned in said openings; cylindrical members on said shaft positioned within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the walls thereof and an armature comprising a plurality of separated disks of high magnetic permeability on said shaft between said members.

14. In a. dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end pieces provided with alined openings therein; a field magnet interposed between and secured to said end pieces including two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings; a revoluble shaft centrally positioned in said openings; cylindrical members on said shaft po-" sitioned within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the walls thereof; an armature comprising a plurality of separated disks; and means for clamp ng said members and said. disks together.

15. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of two end pieces and an intermediate member all provided with alined openings; a field magnet having two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said opem ings positioned between said intermediate member and end members; a revoluble shaft centrally'positioned in said openings; cylindrical members secured to and revoluble therewith within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the walls thereof: separated disks in two sets surrounding said shaft between said revoluble members the disks of the two sets being connected in pairs by members revoluble with said shaft and in series by external connections.

16.- In a dynamo electrical. machine, the combination of two end pieces and an intermediatemember all provided with alined openings; field magnet having two sets of exciting coils on opposite sides of said openings positioned between said intermediate member and end members; a revoluble shaft centrally positioned in said openings: cylindrical members'secured to and revoluble therewith within said openings with their peripheries adjacent to the Walls thereof; separated disks in two sets surrounding said shaft between-said. revoluble members, the disks of the two sets being connected in pairs by members revolnble with said shaft and in series by external connections; and means for securing said field magnets to said end pieces and intermediate member.

17. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a field magnet including two sets of exciting coils and'an armature col-nprising a plurality of separated disks revohf c with a shaft interposed between said coils with its axis parallel to the axis of said coils.

18.111 a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a field magnet including two sets of exciting coils; a revoluble armature interposed between said coils; and members forming a part of the field frame revoluble with said armature.

19. In a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a field magnet including two sets of exciting coils; a revoluble armature; and members revoluble with said armature forming a part of the'field frame.

20. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; insulation between said disks; tubular members connecting the disks of two sets in pairs, said tubular members having substantially the same area in cross section; and other.

means for electrically connecting said disks in series.

21. In the rotatable member of a dynamo electrical machine, the combination of a shaft; two sets of metal disks thereon; insulation between said disks; tubular members connecting the disks of two sets in pairs, the thickness of said tubular members gradually decreasing outwardly; and other means for electrically connecting said disks in series, Y

22. In a dynamo electrical machine, the

combination of a field magnet; a revoluble armature; members forming ortions of the field secured to and revolu le with said armature; and bearings for'said revoluble ERNEST c. KETOHUM. DAVID H. ANDREWS.

Witnesses:

WAI/IER E. LOMBARD, NATHAN C. LOMBARD. 

